Ultraviolet B radiation absorption

Ultraviolet B radiation absorption refers to the capture of UVB photon energy (wavelengths 280–320 nm) by specific molecular chromophores within biological tissues, primarily the skin. Key endogenous chromophores include DNA, 7-dehydrocholesterol, trans-urocanic acid, aromatic amino acids, and melanin. Upon absorption, these chromophores can undergo structural changes (such as the photochemical transformation of 7-dehydrocholesterol to previtamin D3) or provoke cellular responses including DNA damage, apoptosis, and tanning. While beneficial in triggering vitamin D synthesis, UVB absorption is also responsible for DNA lesions, immunosuppression, and carcinogenesis (notably skin cancers). UVB absorption is not a defined molecule or receptor but a biophysical process shared by diverse chromophores.

Other names

UVB absorptionabsorption of ultraviolet B radiationUV-B chromophore absorption

Physical or chemical absorption or reflection of UVB photons by chromophores to prevent biological effects