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Urotoxic Metabolites of Oxazaphosphorines
- Molecular classification
- Metabolite, Aldehyde
01
Overview
Urotoxic metabolites of oxazaphosphorines, primarily acrolein, are toxic byproducts formed during the metabolism of cyclophosphamide and ifosfamide. These metabolites cause direct damage to bladder mucosa, leading to inflammation and bleeding (hemorrhagic cystitis). Mesna is used to neutralize acrolein in the urine, preventing urotoxicity.
- Other names
- Acrolein4-hydroxy-cyclophosphamide4-hydroxy-ifosfamide
02
Mechanism of action
Direct chemical injury to bladder mucosa via covalent binding to cellular macromolecules.
03
Biological functions
Cellular toxicityInflammationChemical injury
04
Disease associations
Hemorrhagic cystitisUrinary tract toxicityDrug-induced toxicity
05
Safety considerations
Hemorrhagic cystitisDysuriaHematuria
06
Interacting drugs
Cyclophosphamide
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