Vγ4Vδ5 T-cell receptor (Vγ4Vδ5 TCR)

The Vγ4Vδ5 T-cell receptor (TCR), exemplified by the LES clone, is a γδ TCR expressed on human γδ T cells that directly binds ligands such as the IgV domain of BTNL3 with moderate affinity (~15–25 μM), primarily via germline-encoded regions including CDR2γ and HV4γ loops on the Vγ4 chain.[2][4] This superantigen-like interaction regulates Vγ4+ γδ T cell activation and responsiveness to BTNL3-BTNL8 heterodimers on target cells, contrasting with CDR3-dominated binding to clonally restricted antigens like endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR).[2][5] Vγ4 TCRs contribute to tissue-restricted γδ T cell responses, with diverse Vδ5 CDR3 regions permissive for BTNL3 reactivity.[2] The queried name "Vγ4Vδ5 T-cell receptor ligand complex on tumor cells" is incorrect as it conflates the receptor with its ligands (e.g., BTNL3, MIC); no evidence supports a specific stable complex on tumor cells as a distinct therapeutic target, and TCRs are not typically considered therapeutic targets like receptors or enzymes.[1][2]

Other names

LES TCRVγ4+ TCR