Vγ9Vδ2 T cell receptor (Vγ9Vδ2 TCR)

The Vγ9Vδ2 T cell receptor (TCR) is a semi-invariant γδ TCR predominantly found on the major subset of human peripheral blood γδ T cells, known as Vγ9Vδ2 T cells. This receptor recognizes small non-peptidic phosphoantigens (pAgs), such as isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP) and microbial HMB-PP, which accumulate in infected or transformed cells, presented by butyrophilin molecules like BTN3A1. Upon activation, Vγ9Vδ2 T cells exhibit cytotoxic activity, produce cytokines, and can function as antigen-presenting cells, bridging innate and adaptive immunity. They play a role in cancer immunotherapy and defense against infections. Activity is modulated by NK-cell receptors, chemokine receptors and checkpoint pathways.

Other names

Vgamma9Vdelta2 T cell receptorVγ2Vδ2 T cell receptorVgamma2Vdelta2 TCRγδ TCRgamma delta T cell receptor

Activation of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells via phosphoantigen recognition and subsequent cytotoxic activity and cytokine release.