Target intelligence / Profile preview

V-set and Immunoglobulin Domain Containing 4 (VSIG4)

Target
VSIG4
Molecular classification
Immunoglobulin superfamily, Type I transmembrane protein, B7 family-related, Complement receptor, Immune checkpoint molecule
01

Overview

VSIG4 is a type I transmembrane protein belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily. It functions as both an immune checkpoint molecule and a complement receptor, primarily expressed by tissue-resident macrophages. It binds complement fragments C3b and iC3b, mediating phagocytosis and inhibiting the alternative complement pathway. VSIG4 negatively regulates T-cell activation. Urinary VSIG4 shows promise as a biomarker for lupus nephritis.

Other names
CRIgZ39IG
02

Mechanism of action

Negative regulation of T-cell activation by engagement with its ligand(s); Mediates phagocytosis of C3b/iC3b-opsonized pathogens.

03

Biological functions

Complement bindingPhagocytosisImmune regulationT-cell inhibitionModulation of complement pathway
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Disease associations

Autoimmune diseasesLupus nephritisSystemic lupus erythematosusInflammationParkinson's DiseaseAtherosclerosis
05

Safety considerations

Potential for broad immunosuppression if targeted systemically
06

Biomarkers

Urinary VSIG4 (free and immune complex-bound) for lupus nephritis diagnosis and activity monitoring

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