V-set and immunoglobulin domain-containing protein 8 (VSIG8)

V-set and immunoglobulin domain-containing protein 8 (VSIG8) is a type I transmembrane protein belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily, characterized by two extracellular Ig-V-like domains. VSIG8 is expressed in tissues such as oral epithelium, hair follicles, and the superficial layers of the nail matrix. Functionally, it acts as a negative regulator of immunity by suppressing T-cell proliferation and cytokine production. VSIG8 is reported to interact with VISTA (V-domain immunoglobulin suppressor of T cell activation), together forming a coinhibitory pathway that inhibits T-cell activation. Pharmacological blockade of VSIG8, such as with the small molecule L557-0155, has been shown to enhance antitumor immunity by promoting T-cell activity. As an immune checkpoint molecule, VSIG8 presents a novel therapeutic target for cancer immunotherapy and autoimmune diseases[1][2][3][5].

Other names

C1orf204VSIG8

Immune checkpoint inhibition (blockade of VSIG8/VISTA pathway to enhance T-cell activation), Modulation of T-cell cytokine production