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Target intelligence / Profile preview
Vaccinia Virus (VACV)
- Target
- VACV
- Molecular classification
- Virus, Orthopoxvirus, Poxviridae
01
Overview
Vaccinia virus (VACV) is a large, complex, enveloped virus belonging to the Poxviridae family. It has a linear, double-stranded DNA genome of approximately 190 kilobase pairs (kbp), encoding around 250 genes. Historically famous as the live vaccine used for smallpox eradication campaigns worldwide, vaccinia remains important today both as a model poxvirus system and as a platform for recombinant vaccine development against other diseases/tumors due to its ability to accommodate large foreign gene inserts with strong expression levels. Vaccinia encodes multiple proteins that help evade host immune responses.
- Other names
- VACVSmallpox vaccine virusModified Vaccinia Ankara (MVA)Lister strainDryvaxACAM2000LC16m8NYVAC
02
Mechanism of action
N/A
03
Biological functions
Viral replicationImmune evasionInfectionGene delivery (as a vector)
04
Disease associations
Smallpox (historical)VaccinationInfectionPotential vector for gene therapy/vaccines against other diseases/tumors
05
Safety considerations
Adverse reactions to vaccinationPotential for immune suppressionRisk of transmission from vaccination sitePotential for recombination or mutation leading to increased virulence
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