Vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 4B (VPS4B)

Vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 4B (VPS4B) is a member of the AAA (ATPases Associated with diverse cellular Activities) protein family and plays an essential role in endosomal protein sorting, multivesicular body (MVB) formation, and membrane fission events. VPS4B is a key component of the ESCRT (Endosomal Sorting Complex Required for Transport) pathway, where it drives the disassembly and recycling of ESCRT-III complexes from the endosomal membrane through ATP hydrolysis. This activity is necessary for lysosomal degradation of membrane proteins, for completion of cytokinesis, and for the budding of several enveloped viruses—including HIV-1—from the plasma membrane. Its structure includes an N-terminal MIT (microtubule interacting and trafficking) domain that binds ESCRT-III substrates, central AAA ATPase domains, and a unique C-terminal helix. VPS4B oligomerizes at the membrane and utilizes energy from ATP hydrolysis to remodel and disassemble ESCRT-III structures, a process fundamental to both normal cell physiology and certain pathologies, such as viral infection and tumorigenesis[1][2][3].

Other names

VPS4BSKD1VPS42MIG1Protein SKD1VPS4-2SKD1BCell migration-inducing gene 1 proteinSuppressor of K(+) transport growth defect 1Mig1Suppressor of K+ transport defect 1Cell migration-inducing 1Vacuolar protein sorting 4B