Various metabolic enzymes requiring vitamin cofactors

These are enzymes that require vitamins as essential cofactors (coenzymes) for their biological activity. Vitamins such as thiamine (B1), riboflavin (B2), niacin (B3), pantothenic acid (B5), pyridoxine (B6), biotin (B7), folic acid (B9), and cobalamin (B12) form part of coenzymes necessary for numerous metabolic reactions[1][2][3][7]. These vitamin-dependent enzymes facilitate a broad array of physiological functions, including carbohydrate, lipid, and amino acid metabolism, nucleic acid synthesis, neurotransmitter production, and cellular energy generation. Deficiency of either the vitamin or the enzyme can result in metabolic diseases, neurological symptoms, or anemia[7]. Therapeutically, vitamin supplementation is the primary intervention for deficiency states, while targeted enzyme therapies address specific genetic disorders. The group is broad, comprising hundreds of different enzymes with diverse molecular functions. Because the entry refers to a heterogeneous group, it is not a tractable therapeutic target by itself, nor is it suitable for biomarker or drug-target mapping without further specification.

Other names

Vitamin-dependent metabolic enzymesEnzymes requiring vitamin cofactorsVitamin-coenzyme enzymesMetabolic enzymes with vitamin requirement

Cofactor supplementation to restore enzyme function; Inhibition of vitamin-utilizing enzymes (e.g., antifolates in cancer treatment)