Various pathogen and autoantigens

The phrase "Various pathogen and autoantigens" refers to the broad array of molecular targets recognized by the immune system, comprising both pathogen-derived antigens (from bacteria, viruses, fungi, etc.) and autoantigens (self molecules abnormally targeted in autoimmune diseases). Pathogen antigens trigger protective immune responses against infectious agents, while autoantigens are involved in the breakdown of self-tolerance, leading to autoimmune disease. The recognition mechanisms and molecular types are extremely diverse, encompassing proteins, nucleic acids, and macromolecular complexes. This entry is not a single canonical molecular target, but rather a catch-all label for a functionally and structurally heterogeneous group of immunological targets[2][5][4].

Other names

Pathogen antigensAutoantigensForeign and self-antigensMicrobial antigensEndogenous antigens