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Target intelligence / Profile preview
Vanin-2 (VNN2)
- Target
- VNN2
- Molecular classification
- Enzyme (pantetheine hydrolase; EC 3.5.1.92), Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored cell surface protein, Other: Vanin protein family
01
Overview
Vanin-2 (VNN2) is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored cell surface enzyme and a member of the vanin protein family, possessing pantetheinase (EC 3.5.1.92) activity—hydrolyzing pantetheine into pantothenic acid (vitamin B5) and cysteamine. It plays several roles in physiology, particularly in regulating the migration, adhesion, and function of neutrophils and other myeloid cells, as well as recycling coenzyme A through its enzymatic activity, thereby impacting oxidative stress responses and immune modulation. Aberrant expression or activity of VNN2 has been associated with various pathological states, including cancer, inflammation, and chemoresistance. VNN2 serves as both a functional protein and a cell surface marker in the hematopoietic and immune systems.
- Other names
- Pantetheine hydrolase VNN2Vanin-2FOAP-4GPI-80Glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored protein GPI-80Protein FOAP-4Vascular non-inflammatory molecule 2pantetheinaseVannin 2
02
Mechanism of action
Enzymatic hydrolysis of pantetheine to pantothenic acid (vitamin B5) and cysteamine. The released cysteamine has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and may modulate cellular redox and inflammatory responses
03
Biological functions
Coenzyme A metabolism (pantetheinase activity, recycling pantothenic acid and releasing cysteamine)Oxidative-stress responseCell adhesion and migration (particularly transendothelial migration of neutrophils)Immune system regulation (hematopoiesis, myeloid cell function, inflammation modulation)
04
Disease associations
Cancer (e.g., osteosarcoma, leukemia, thymoma)InflammationCardiovascular diseaseChemoresistance (notably in pediatric B cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia)
05
Safety considerations
No specific safety concerns established from VNN2 inhibition or activation; however, broad roles in oxidative stress and immune regulation suggest potential concerns if targeting disrupts these pathways adversely
06
Interacting drugs
Cysteamine (therapeutic agent; also a product of VNN2’s enzymatic action used in cystinosis therapy)
1 more in the full profile.
07
Biomarkers
Surface marker for hematopoietic stem cells and myeloid lineage cellsMarker for immunosuppressive myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) subsets (prognostic indicator in metastatic renal cell carcinoma)Marker correlated with chemoresistance in pediatric B cell precursor ALL
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