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Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Relaxation via cGMP Pathway
- Molecular classification
- Intracellular signaling cascade
01
Overview
Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) relaxation via the cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) pathway is a critical mechanism regulating vascular tone and blood pressure. This pathway is primarily activated by nitric oxide (NO) or atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), which stimulate guanylyl cyclase enzymes in VSMCs, leading to increased intracellular cGMP levels and subsequent muscle relaxation.
02
Mechanism of action
Activation of soluble guanylyl cyclase, leading to increased cGMP levels and activation of PKG, resulting in decreased intracellular calcium, activation of potassium channels, and myosin light chain dephosphorylation.
03
Biological functions
VasodilationRegulation of blood pressureInhibition of VSMC proliferationModulation of VSMC phenotypic switching
04
Disease associations
HypertensionAngina pectorisErectile dysfunctionPulmonary hypertensionHeart failureAtherosclerosis
05
Safety considerations
Tolerance due to upregulation of phosphodiesterases
06
Interacting drugs
Nitric oxide donors
1 more in the full profile.
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