Vault RNA 1-3 (VTRNA1-3)

Vault RNA 1-3 (VTRNA1-3) is one of four human vault RNAs, encoded on chromosome 5q31 in the VTRNA1 locus[2][5]. It is an 88-nucleotide non-coding RNA transcribed by RNA polymerase III. VTRNA1-3 is a minor component of the vault complex, a large cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein paralleling the major vault protein (MVP), vault poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (VPARP), and telomerase-associated protein 1 (TEP1)[5][1][4]. Vault RNAs are mostly not associated with vault complexes, suggesting regulatory rather than structural functions[5][3]. VTRNA1-3 may be involved in cellular stress responses, drug resistance (notably multidrug resistance in cancer), and epigenetic regulation (promoter methylation correlates with disease prognosis)[5][2]. Its molecular interactions include RNA-binding proteins like the La autoantigen and possibly differential binding with TEP1 that modulates association with the vault or telomerase complexes[1][4]. Research into VTRNA1-3's exact molecular roles is ongoing, but its high conservation, signaling versatility, and instability (<1 h half-life) point to a rapid-response regulatory function[2].

Other names

hvg-3HVG3VR3VAULTRC3vault RNA component 3vault RNA 1-3

Not established; the role of VTRNA1-3 in drug resistance suggests possible post-transcriptional regulatory or sequestration mechanisms, but precise mechanisms are unknown[5][2].