Very-low-density lipoprotein particle (VLDL)

Very-low-density lipoprotein particle (VLDL) is a type of macromolecular complex synthesized by the liver that transports endogenous triglycerides, cholesterol esters, phospholipids, and free cholesterol through the bloodstream to peripheral tissues. Composed mainly (~90%) of various types of fats and ~10% proteins—including apolipoproteins such as apoB100—VLDLs play an essential role in energy distribution and storage within the body. After delivering their cargoes via enzymatic processing by endothelial-bound enzymes like LPL, they are converted into intermediate-density then low-density particles. Elevated circulating levels contribute significantly to cardiovascular disease risk due to their role in promoting arterial plaque formation through deposition within vessel walls[1][2][3].

Other names

Very low-density lipoproteinVLDLTriglyceride-rich lipoprotein (context-dependent)

Mechanisms relate to modulation of biosynthesis, secretion, or catabolism rather than direct binding. Examples include: - Inhibition of hepatic triglyceride synthesis/secretion - Enhancement of peripheral triglyceride hydrolysis by activating lipoprotein lipase - Reduction in apolipoprotein B100 production