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Vesicular Glutamate Transporter (VGLUT)
- Target
- VGLUT
- Molecular classification
- Transporter, Solute Carrier Family 17 (SLC17)
01
Overview
Vesicular glutamate transporters (VGLUTs) are a family of membrane proteins responsible for packaging the neurotransmitter glutamate into synaptic vesicles within presynaptic neurons. This process is essential for excitatory neurotransmission in the central nervous system, as it enables regulated release of glutamate into the synaptic cleft during neurotransmission. There are three main isoforms: VGLUT1, VGLUT2, and VGLUT3, each with distinct expression patterns and physiological roles. They determine quantal size and influence synaptic strength. Alterations in VGLUT expression have been linked to various neurological disorders. There are currently no highly specific pharmacological inhibitors available.
- Other names
- SLC17A7SLC17A6SLC17A8
02
Mechanism of action
Mediates the uptake of cytoplasmic L-glutamate into synaptic vesicles, driven by an electrochemical proton gradient.
03
Biological functions
Neurotransmitter transportSynaptic vesicle loadingRegulation of quantal sizeExcitatory neurotransmission
04
Disease associations
Neurological disordersNeuropsychiatric conditions
05
Safety considerations
Lack of highly selective inhibitorsPotential for off-target effects due to sequence homology between isoforms
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