Vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein-chimeric oncolytic virus (VSV-G chimeric oncolytic virus)

Vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein-chimeric oncolytic virus is a genetically modified viral vector where the native envelope glycoprotein (VSV-G) is engineered to display ligands, antibodies, or other targeting motifs, allowing the virus to selectively infect and destroy cancer cells while sparing normal cells.[2][3][1][4] The chimeric VSV-G is central to viral entry into target cells and can be customized to retarget the virus towards specific tumor antigens or microenvironment structures. The parent VSV possesses favorable properties for oncolytic therapy: rapid replication, broad cell tropism, high cytopathogenicity in IFN-deficient tumors, and the possibility for insertion of therapeutic transgenes. Chimeric VSV-G variants improve tumor selectivity, safety (by reducing neurotoxicity), and immune evasion, enhancing clinical applicability for systemic and local treatment of multiple cancer types.[2][3][4][1]

Other names

Oncolytic VSV-G virusRecombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (rVSV)Chimeric VSV oncolytic virusVSV pseudotyped oncolytic virus

Induction of apoptosis in infected tumor cells (both intrinsic and extrinsic pathways, depending on VSV variants); Elicitation of cytotoxic immune responses to tumor antigens and viral proteins; Oncolysis by selective replication in interferon-defective cancer cells; Tumor targeting via display of ligands/antibodies on VSV-G surface, enabling selective binding to tumor vasculature.