Vibrio cholerae O1 Ogawa (V. cholerae O1 Ogawa)

Vibrio cholerae O1 Ogawa is a serotype of the Gram-negative, comma-shaped bacterium Vibrio cholerae, which is the primary causative agent of the severe diarrheal disease cholera (CDC, 2022). It belongs to the O1 serogroup, which is responsible for the majority of cholera outbreaks and is further divided into Ogawa, Inaba, and Hikojima serotypes based on the structure of the O-antigen in its lipopolysaccharide (WHO, 2023). The Ogawa serotype is specifically distinguished by the presence of a 2-O-methyl group on the terminal perosamine sugar of the O-antigen (Chatterjee & Chaudhuri, 2003). Upon ingestion, the bacterium colonizes the small intestine and produces cholera toxin, a potent enterotoxin that causes massive secretion of water and electrolytes into the intestinal lumen (Harris et al., 2012). Clinical management focuses on rapid rehydration and the use of antibiotics like doxycycline or azithromycin to reduce the duration of symptoms and bacterial shedding (StatPearls, 2023). Preventive strategies include oral cholera vaccines (OCVs) that stimulate mucosal immunity against the O1 surface antigens to provide protective immunity (PubMed, 2021).

Other names

Vibrio cholerae serotype OgawaV. cholerae O1 serotype OgawaVibrio cholerae O1 biotype El Tor serotype OgawaVibrio cholerae O1 biotype Classical serotype Ogawa

Antibiotics inhibit bacterial protein synthesis or DNA replication; vaccines induce mucosal IgA and serum vibriocidal antibodies against the O1 antigen and cholera toxin B subunit (CDC, 2022; WHO, 2023).