Target intelligence / Profile preview

HIV Vif protein (Vif)

Target: Vif
Molecular classification: Accessory protein, Viral protein, RNA-binding protein

Overview

The HIV Vif protein is an accessory protein encoded by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and other lentiviruses. It plays a critical role in viral replication and infectivity, primarily by counteracting host cellular defense mechanisms. Its primary function is to neutralize the antiviral activity of host APOBEC3 family enzymes by recruiting an E3 ubiquitin ligase complex to degrade them. Vif also functions as an RNA-binding protein.

Other names: Viral infectivity factor

Mechanism of action

Recruits Cullin5-based E3 ubiquitin ligase complex to degrade APOBEC3 proteins.

Biological functions

APOBEC3 antagonismInhibition of host antiviral defenseUbiquitinationProtein degradationViral replicationRNA bindingRegulation of viral assembly

Disease associations

HIV infectionAIDS

Safety considerations

Inhibition of Vif may lead to increased APOBEC3 activity and viral hypermutation.Resistance to Vif inhibitors may develop through mutations in Vif or APOBEC3 proteins.

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