Viral messenger RNA (mRNA (when referring to generic messenger RNA), but no unique, standardized abbreviation for “viral messenger RNA”)

Viral messenger RNA refers to the transient, single-stranded RNA molecules synthesized by viruses during infection of host cells. These RNAs are transcribed from the viral genome (which may be DNA or RNA), serve as templates for translation by host ribosomes, and ultimately direct the synthesis of viral proteins essential for the viral life cycle. The structure and regulatory elements of viral mRNAs can vary widely among virus families, with features evolved to hijack host translation machinery, evade host defenses, and maximize viral protein production. Viral mRNA is a functional class rather than a discrete molecule, and while not a conventional therapeutic target, it is increasingly addressed by RNA-based antiviral strategies or as a diagnostic marker of active infection.

Other names

Viral mRNAViral transcriptMessenger RNA of virusVirus-encoded mRNA

Antisense oligonucleotides: hybridize to viral mRNA and promote degradation or blocking of translation RNA interference (siRNA/miRNA): guide RISC complex to degrade viral mRNA or inhibit its translation Some small molecules may inhibit translation or promote degradation directly