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Voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha1A (CACNA1A)

Target: CACNA1A
Molecular classification: Ion channel, Voltage-gated calcium channel, HVA channel

Overview

The voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha1A (CACNA1A), also known as the P/Q-type calcium channel, is a pore-forming subunit of high-voltage-activated (HVA) calcium channels primarily found in neurons. It mediates calcium ion influx into excitable cells and is critical for neurotransmitter release, muscle contraction, and other calcium-dependent processes. Mutations are associated with familial hemiplegic migraine, episodic ataxia type 2, and spinocerebellar ataxia type 6.

Other names: P/Q-type calcium channelBrain calcium channel IBICalcium channel L type alpha-1 polypeptide isoform 4Cav2.1

Mechanism of action

ω-agatoxin IVA selectively blocks P/Q-type calcium channels. Dihydropyridines block L-type calcium channels but do not block P/Q-type channels.

Biological functions

Neurotransmitter releaseCalcium ion transmembrane transportSynaptic transmissionRegulation of membrane potential

Disease associations

Familial hemiplegic migraineEpisodic ataxia type 2Spinocerebellar ataxia type 6Neurological disorders

Safety considerations

Potential for neurological side effects due to widespread neuronal expression.Development of selective blockers with limited off-target effects is a challenge.

Interacting drugs

ω-agatoxin IVA

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