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LRRC8A is the essential subunit of the volume-regulated anion channel (VRAC), a ubiquitously expressed ion channel in vertebrate cells. VRACs are critical for maintaining cell volume homeostasis by mediating the efflux of chloride ions and organic osmolytes in response to cell swelling. Beyond osmoregulation, VRACs participate in fluid secretion, glutamate release (notably in astrocytes), regulation of membrane potential, cell proliferation and migration, and apoptosis induction. LRRC8A-containing channels also play roles in immune responses, drug uptake (notably platinum-based chemotherapeutics), and may contribute to pathological states such as cancer progression and ischemic injury.
Mediates the efflux of chloride ions and organic osmolytes in response to cell swelling.
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