Target intelligence / Profile preview

Yttrium-90 beta radiation (Y-90)

Target
Y-90
Molecular classification
Other (radioisotope; radionuclide emitter; beta particle source)
01

Overview

Yttrium-90 is a radioactive isotope of yttrium that undergoes beta-minus decay to stable zirconium-90 with a half-life of about 64 hours and a maximum beta energy of 2.28 MeV; it is used therapeutically to deliver localized beta radiation, most commonly via microspheres for transarterial radioembolization in hepatocellular carcinoma and via antibody conjugates such as ibritumomab tiuxetan in lymphoma; it is not a biological receptor or enzyme but a radionuclide radiation source employed in targeted radiotherapy modalities

Other names
Yttrium-9090YY-90 radiationYttrium-90 radionuclide therapyYttrium-90 radioembolization (colloquial for the treatment modality)
02

Mechanism of action

Beta particle emission from Y-90 delivers localized ionizing radiation to tumor tissue, inducing DNA damage (including double-strand breaks) and subsequent tumor cell death when carried by antibodies or microspheres to the target site

03

Biological functions

Other (physical beta-emitter delivering cytotoxic ionizing radiation; causes DNA double-strand breaks and cell death when localized to tumors)
04

Disease associations

Cancer
05

Safety considerations

Non-target embolization causing gastrointestinal ulcers if microspheres lodge in stomach/duodenumprocedure-related infection and contrast allergy risksradiation-induced liver disease and hepatotoxicity as adverse effects of Y-90 radioembolization (recognised risks in locoregional therapy)
06

Interacting drugs

Ibritumomab tiuxetan (Zevalin)

2 more in the full profile.

07

Biomarkers

Hepatic tumor vascularity and tumor-to-liver perfusion ratio used in patient selection for Y-90 radioembolizationportal vein thrombosis statuslesion number and size in HCC (e.g., ≤8 cm solitary lesions in LEGACY study criteria) as predictors/selection factors

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