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Target intelligence / Profile preview
Zinc-alpha-2-glycoprotein (AZGP1)
- Target
- AZGP1
- Molecular classification
- Secreted glycoprotein, Major histocompatibility complex class I-like protein, Other
01
Overview
Zinc-alpha-2-glycoprotein (AZGP1) is a secreted glycoprotein structurally related to major histocompatibility complex class I molecules but lacking transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains[1][2][5]. It is a 38–41 kDa protein present in most body fluids and tissues and is best known for stimulating lipolysis in adipose tissue, serving as a lipid-mobilizing factor, and regulating energy homeostasis and insulin sensitivity[1][2][4]. AZGP1 plays complex roles in tumor biology: it is often downregulated in various cancers (prostate, gastric, liver, pancreatic) where it acts as a tumor suppressor, but its function can vary by cancer type, with high levels linked to worse prognosis in colon cancer. It is actively studied as a biomarker for prognosis and disease monitoring, but there are currently no approved drugs targeting AZGP1 directly[1][3][4][6][7].
- Other names
- Zinc-alpha-2-glycoproteinZAGZNGP1Zn-alpha-2-GPZn-alpha-2-glycoproteinZA2GAlpha-2-glycoprotein, zinctesticular tissue protein Li 227AZGP1
02
Mechanism of action
Not applicable (no drugs directly target AZGP1 with a known mechanism, but AZGP1 acts via β3-adrenoceptor activation and lipid mobilization pathways)
03
Biological functions
Lipid mobilization and metabolismStimulation of lipolysisRegulation of insulin sensitivityCell proliferation (including cancer cell proliferation)Energy homeostasisApoptosis regulationTumor suppression (in select cancers)
04
Disease associations
Cancer (including prostate, breast, gastric, liver, pancreatic, and colon cancer)Cancer cachexiaObesity/metabolic diseasesDiabetes mellitus type 2Neurodegenerative diseases (possible minor associations)Other
05
Safety considerations
No directly documented safety concerns for AZGP1-targeted therapy (as no such therapies exist); theoretical concerns could include unintended effects on lipid metabolism, cachexia, or metabolic syndrome[2][4].
06
Interacting drugs
None established as direct binders or modulators of AZGP1 as of the current literature[1][2][3][4][6].
07
Biomarkers
Low AZGP1: poor prognosis in gastric, esophageal, liver, bladder, prostate cancerHigh AZGP1: poor prognosis in colon cancerDiagnostic/prognostic biomarker in prostate, gastrointestinal, liver, kidney, metabolic, and cachexia-related diseases[1][6][7]
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