Zinc complexes

Zinc complexes are chemical entities consisting of a central zinc ion coordinated with organic or inorganic ligands, serving as pharmacological agents rather than a specific biological target. Zinc is an essential trace element and a critical cofactor for over 300 enzymes, including carbonic anhydrase and various polymerases, and it provides structural integrity to zinc-finger motifs in transcription factors [1][2]. In clinical practice, zinc complexes like zinc acetate are used to treat Wilson's disease by inducing intestinal metallothionein, which sequesters copper and prevents its absorption [3]. Other complexes, such as zinc pyrithione, are utilized for their potent antifungal and antibacterial properties in treating skin conditions like dandruff [5]. Furthermore, zinc complexes have been investigated for their ability to inhibit viral replication and modulate immune responses during infections [4]. Because the term refers to a broad category of coordination compounds, it is classified as a chemical or drug class rather than a discrete therapeutic target [5]. Long-term administration requires monitoring to avoid copper deficiency and associated hematological or neurological complications [1].

Other names

Zinc coordination compoundsZinc saltsOrganozinc complexesZinc-ligand complexes

Induction of intestinal metallothionein to sequester copper and prevent its absorption, inhibition of viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase and protease activity, stabilization of zinc-finger transcription factors, and disruption of microbial membrane potential.