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Zinc Oxide (ZnO)
- Target
- ZnO
- Molecular classification
- Inorganic compound, Mineral sunscreen agent, Semiconductor
01
Overview
Zinc oxide is a mineral compound widely used in sunscreens for its ability to provide broad-spectrum protection against ultraviolet (UV) radiation. It acts as a physical sunscreen agent, forming a protective layer on the skin that helps prevent both UVA and UVB rays from penetrating and causing damage. It primarily protects the skin by absorbing UV radiation through its semiconductor band gap properties. It is highly photostable and generally considered safe for all skin types and environmentally friendly. Modern formulations use microfine (nano-sized) zinc oxide particles to reduce visible white cast while maintaining effective coverage across the entire UV spectrum.
- Other names
- Zinc whiteC.I. Pigment White 4CAS No: 1314-13-2
02
Mechanism of action
UV absorption via semiconductor band gap properties; physical barrier formation on skin surface.
03
Biological functions
UV absorptionPhysical barrier against UV radiationPhotoprotection
04
Disease associations
Photodermatoses preventionSkin cancer preventionPremature aging prevention (photoaging)
05
Safety considerations
Potential interaction with some organic UV filters reducing UVA protectionRisk of white cast (reduced with nano-sized particles)Potential for inhalation toxicity (primarily a concern during manufacturing/powder handling, not typically during sunscreen application)
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