Zinc transporter ZIP1 (ZIP1)

Zinc transporter ZIP1 (SLC39A1) is a member of the solute carrier family 39, responsible for zinc uptake into the cytoplasm across the cell membrane. ZIP1 has eight transmembrane domains and is widely expressed in mammalian tissues, with regulation of its plasma membrane localization in response to zinc status. It is especially critical in prostate cells, acting as the principal mediator of rapid zinc uptake. Downregulation of ZIP1 in prostate cancer leads to decreased zinc accumulation, impacting cellular metabolism and tumor suppression. As a transporter, ZIP1 is energy-independent and modulated by bicarbonate ions. Experimental and expression data support its role in various biological processes, including cell metabolism, cell cycle regulation, immune response, and apoptosis. ZIP1 is under investigation as a therapeutic target and biomarker, with zinc ionophores proposed in preclinical studies for prostate cancer management. Studies also highlight ZIP1's broader involvement in immune regulation and potential links to additional disease states such as neurodegeneration and immune-related disease.

Other names

SLC39A1Solute carrier family 39 member 1Zrt- and Irt-like protein 1IRT1ZIRTL

Zinc ionophores (such as clioquinol) increase zinc influx by facilitating transport through ZIP1, potentially restoring tumor suppressor function via zinc accumulation in prostate cells.