Zona pellucida glycoprotein 1 (ZP1)

Zona pellucida glycoprotein 1 (ZP1) is one of four major glycoproteins (ZP1-ZP4) forming the zona pellucida, an extracellular structure that envelops the mammalian oocyte[2][4][5][6]. ZP1's primary function is to ensure the structural integrity of the zona pellucida by cross-linking ZP2 and ZP3 filaments[2][5]. This matrix supports species-specific sperm binding and the induction of the acrosome reaction, facilitating fertilization and preventing polyspermy through both immediate and long-term blocks[1][4][5]. In humans, mutations in the ZP1 gene can result in defects in oocyte maturation and infertility[2][5]. ZP1, along with other zona pellucida glycoproteins, may bind to capacitated sperm and induce the acrosome reaction, although its primary role is structural[4][5]. The protein contains a characteristic ZP domain and is heavily glycosylated; it is expressed in the ovary and essential for fertility and normal embryogenesis[4][5].

Other names

ZP1Zona pellucida protein 1Pellucid zone glycoprotein 1

Not applicable; ZP1 is not targeted by drugs.