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Zonulin Receptor
- Molecular classification
- G protein-coupled receptor (PAR2), Receptor tyrosine kinase (EGFR), Receptor
01
Overview
The zonulin receptor refers primarily to Proteinase-Activated Receptor 2 (PAR2), a G protein-coupled receptor, which mediates the effects of zonulin (pre-haptoglobin 2) on intestinal permeability. Zonulin binding to PAR2 leads to transactivation of the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR), initiating downstream signaling pathways that disrupt tight junctions between epithelial cells. This process regulates paracellular transport and plays a role in various autoimmune, inflammatory, and metabolic diseases.
- Other names
- PAR2 (Proteinase-Activated Receptor 2)EGFR (Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor, when transactivated by PAR2)Pre-haptoglobin 2 receptor
02
Mechanism of action
Activation of PAR2 by zonulin leads to EGFR transactivation, triggering intracellular signaling cascades that cause cytoskeletal reorganization and disruption of tight junction proteins, increasing paracellular permeability.
03
Biological functions
Regulation of tight junctionsModulation of paracellular permeabilitySignal transductionRegulation of antigen traffickingMaintenance of intestinal barrier function
04
Disease associations
Autoimmune diseasesInflammatory bowel diseaseNeurodegenerative disordersMetabolic diseasesCeliac diseaseType I diabetesMultiple sclerosisTumoral diseases
05
Safety considerations
Modulating zonulin activity may affect immune responses and barrier function in unintended ways.Long-term effects of chronic zonulin dysregulation are not fully understood.
06
Biomarkers
Zonulin levels in serum or stool
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