aprotinin + ulinastatin

Aprotinin + ulinastatin is a combination of two protease inhibitors used primarily to manage and reduce systemic inflammatory responses and complications associated with cardiac surgery, particularly those involving cardiopulmonary bypass. Aprotinin is a serine protease inhibitor that reduces bleeding by inhibiting fibrinolysis, while ulinastatin is a broad-spectrum protease inhibitor derived from human urine that suppresses the activity of various inflammatory mediators and enzymes. Together, they act synergistically to inhibit the activation of inflammatory factors (such as IL-6 and TNF-α), reduce endotoxin release, protect myocardial tissue, and decrease postoperative complications including cardiac and pulmonary dysfunction[1][2]. This combination has shown efficacy in improving patient outcomes by reducing systemic inflammation during major surgeries.