axatilimab + ruxolitinib

Combination therapy consisting of **axatilimab**, a humanized IgG4 monoclonal antibody targeting colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (**CSF-1R**), and **ruxolitinib**, a selective small molecule inhibitor of Janus kinase 1 (**JAK1**) and Janus kinase 2 (**JAK2**). Axatilimab depletes pathogenic monocytes and macrophages and is FDA approved for chronic graft-versus-host disease (**cGVHD**) after failure of at least two prior lines of systemic therapy. Ruxolitinib is likewise FDA approved for steroid-refractory cGVHD and works by inhibiting JAK-mediated pro-inflammatory signaling. The combination is under investigation for newly diagnosed or refractory cGVHD to improve disease control by targeting distinct, non-redundant inflammatory and fibrotic pathways.