cyclophosphamide + ruxolitinib

Cyclophosphamide + ruxolitinib is a combination therapy consisting of two small molecule drugs with distinct but potentially synergistic mechanisms. Cyclophosphamide is an alkylating agent that cross-links DNA, leading to cell death, and also exerts immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory effects depending on the dose. Ruxolitinib is a selective inhibitor of Janus kinase 1 (JAK1) and Janus kinase 2 (JAK2), blocking the JAK-STAT signaling pathway involved in cytokine-mediated immune responses. This combination has been investigated for its ability to modulate immune cell populations—such as reducing T helper 17 cells while increasing regulatory T cells—and for prophylaxis or treatment of graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, as well as in experimental models of glomerulonephritis[1][2][3]. The rationale for combining these agents lies in their complementary actions on both malignant and immune cells.