glatiramer acetate + teriflunomide

This is a combination therapy consisting of glatiramer acetate and teriflunomide, both used in the management of relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis (MS). Glatiramer acetate is a synthetic polypeptide immunomodulator that modifies immune processes involved in MS pathogenesis, primarily by inducing suppressor T-cells and shifting immune responses away from pro-inflammatory pathways. Teriflunomide is an oral pyrimidine synthesis inhibitor with anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties; it inhibits dihydroorotate dehydrogenase, reducing proliferation of activated lymphocytes. The combination has been studied as an add-on regimen to improve disease control in patients with relapsing MS, showing acceptable safety and tolerability profiles as well as reductions in MRI markers of disease activity compared to monotherapy[1][3][9].