CHEST Annual Meeting 2025: key results and trends

Brensocatib prolonged time to first exacerbation in patients with/without COPD (hazard ratio [95% CI] with COPD: 10mg: 0.67 [0.43-1.06], 25mg: 0.92 [0.62-1.37]; without COPD: 10mg: 0.82 [0.69-0.97], 25mg: 0.80 [0.67-0.96]).

For the large subgroup not on LABA/ICS, estimated REV vs. TIO hazard ratios with 95% CIs were 0.65 (0.37, 1.10) for all events, and 0.50 (0.27, 0.90) for moderate or severe events.

The hazard of reaching a first exacerbation at any point over the 104-week period was significantly reduced by 20% with mepolizumab versus placebo (hazard ratio [95% CI]: 0.80 [0.70, 0.90]; p<0.001).

Adverse events (AEs) were predominantly mild with ≥1 AE reported by 232 (71.4%) participants with AD109 and 151 (47.3%) with PBO.

The most frequent adverse event was diarrhea, reported in 14.3%, 34.3% and 42.9% of patients in the placebo, nerandomilast 9 mg bid and nerandomilast 18 mg bid groups, respectively, over 52 weeks.

Over 24 weeks, ensifentrine numerically reduced the rate of moderate/severe exacerbations by 38% and the risk of moderate/severe exacerbations by 37% vs placebo in this subgroup.

At Week 12, dupilumab vs omalizumab significantly improved pre-bronchodilator FEF 25–75% (least squares mean difference vs omalizumab [95% confidence interval] by 209 mL/s), and improvements were sustained through Week 24 (199 mL/s).

At Week 6, there was a ≥75% reduction in cough count in 5.6%, 17.5%, 37.1%, and 43.2% of patients in the placebo and NAL ER 27-mg, 54-mg, and 108-mg dose groups, respectively ( P <0.01 vs placebo for 54-mg and 108-mg dose groups).

Saracatinib was well tolerated; serious adverse events occurred in 14.3% of each group.