anti-tnf + anti-integrin

This refers to the combination therapy of an anti-TNF (tumor necrosis factor) agent and an anti-integrin agent, both of which are biologic drugs used primarily in the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases such as Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. Anti-TNF agents (such as infliximab, adalimumab, certolizumab pegol, golimumab) are monoclonal antibodies that bind to TNF-alpha, a pro-inflammatory cytokine central to immune-mediated inflammation. By neutralizing TNF-alpha, these drugs reduce inflammation and immune activity. Anti-integrin agents (such as vedolizumab or natalizumab) block integrins—cell adhesion molecules on leukocytes—thereby preventing white blood cells from migrating into inflamed gut tissue and reducing local inflammation. The combination is considered for patients with refractory disease or those who have lost response to monotherapy.